\[ \def\Pr{{\text{Pr}}} \def\E{{\text{E}}} \def\Var{{\text{Var}}} \def\Cov{{\text{Cov}}} \def\cor{{\text{cor}}} \def\bm{\mathbf} \def\bs{\boldsymbol} \]
Meta-analyses in education, psychology, and related fields rely heavily of Cohen’s \(d\), or the standardized mean difference effect size, for quantitatively describing the magnitude and direction of intervention effects.